Tropical Wetland Journal (TWJ), with registration number ISSN 2338-7653 (print) and ISSN 2654-279X (online), is an open access peer reviewed online journal in the field of tropical wetland and its related aspects, including ecology, diversity, climate, conservation, management, and utilization (agriculture). According to Ramsar convention definition, wetland environment is defined as areas of marsh, fen, peatland or water, whether natural or artificial, permanent or temporary, with water that is static or flowing, fresh, brackish or salt, including areas of marine water the depth of which at low tide does not exceed six meters. TWJ was published by the Postgraduate Program - Lambung Mangkurat University (ULM Press Academic), in collaboration with The Association of Environmental Science Study Programs (PEPSILI). Since 2015, Open Journal Systems (OJS) has been applied for all business processes in TWJ. Therefore, authors are required to register in advance and upload their manuscripts online. This system allows readers, authors, editorial boards, editors, and peer reviewers to obtain the real-time status of manuscripts and purchase hard copies of journals. TWJ publishes two times a year, in June and November. TWJ has achieved SINTA 3 accreditation as a Scientific Journal, a recognition granted by the Acting Director General of Higher Education, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia under Decree No. 79/E/KPT/2023. The aim of TWJ is to deliver quality research papers that reported state of the art of the current issues related to tropical wetland environment. TWJ provides a quality scientific platform to academicians, students, and professionals. TWJ publishes only original research papers and review papers. Acceptance for publication is subject to a double-blind peer-reviewing process.
Postgraduate Program - Lambung Mangkurat University (ULM Press Academic)
TROPICAL WETLAND JOURNAL is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Environmental Influence on the Use of Abusive Language and Solutions through the NABA Program at SDN-SN Kuripan 2
The surrounding environment is one of the primary factors influencing children's behavior. The environment has the potential to exert both positive and negative influences. This study aims to explore the impact of the surrounding environment on the behavior of elementary school students. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through observation and interviews. Field findings indicate that negative environmental influences can lead to undesirable behaviors among students, such as the tendency to use inappropriate language in communication. This study is expected to be followed up with the implementation of the "Goodness Advice Program" (NABA), which focuses on habituating students to consistently exhibit positive behavior. For more severe issues, schools are encouraged to collaborate with parents and the community to provide appropriate parenting support.
Copyright (c) 2025 TROPICAL WETLAND JOURNAL
The Influence of The Role of Teachers In Preventing and Handling Bullying Cases In Elementary Schools
This research aims to examine how teachers can influence the prevention and handling bullying cases at SDN SN Surgi Mufti 1, using various approaches, both product-based and non-product-based, as initial strategies to educate students about how negative impact of bullying. Bullying is defined as aggressive behaviour that is repeatedly carried out by an individual or a group towards another individual perceived as weaker, either physically or psychologically. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method conducted in a school located in a residential area, often attended by students from diverse backgrounds. Data were collected through observations and interviews with the school principal and teachers. The findings indicate that bullying, both physical and verbal, still frequently occurs in this school. Therefore, the schools has made various efforts to prevent bullying. These efforts include not only the use of product-based approaches but also non-product-based strategies to reduce bullying cases in the school.
Study on Oil Production from Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Maggots as a Feed Additive for Broiler
The broiler chicken farming industry in Indonesia continues to experience rapid growth in line with the increasing demand for chicken meat. To support the development of this industry, one of the main challenges that must be addressed is the availability, efficiency, and quality of feed. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) maggot oil as a feed additive on the performance, abdominal fat, and intestinal E. coli of broiler chickens. This research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Each experimental unit consisted of 5 MB-212 P broiler chickens from PT. Japfa, with the following treatment details: R0 – 0% maggot oil in the feed; R1 – 0.5% maggot oil (14-day-old) in the feed; R2 – 1% maggot oil (14-day-old) in the feed; R3 – 0.5% maggot oil (28-day-old) in the feed; and R4 – 1% maggot oil (28-day-old) in the feed. Results of the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test showed that all measured parameters, except for abdominal fat, were significantly affected (P<0.05) by the supplementation of maggot oil in the feed. The addition of 1% maggot oil from 14-day-old larvae as a feed additive significantly improved broiler performance, as indicated by the highest feed intake of 352.28 g/bird, live weight of 1,058.5 g, carcass percentage of 83.44%, abdominal fat of 1.47%, and intestinal E. coli count of 4.00 × 10⁵ CFU/g.However, the supplementation of 1% maggot oil from 28-day-old larvae resulted in poorer broiler performance, as indicated by lower feed intake (286.90 g/bird) and a relatively high feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 2.03.
Effectiveness of Chicken Manure and Tofu Waste Liquid Organic Fertilizer on The Growth and Yield of Mustard Plants
This research aimed to evaluate the interaction between chicken manure and tofu liquid waste-based liquid organic fertilizer (POC) on the growth and yield of pak choy, as well as to determine the individual and combined effects of chicken manure and tofu liquid waste POC on pak choy performance. The study employed a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor was chicken manure application: A0 (control), A1 (25 t ha⁻¹), and A2 (35 t ha⁻¹). The second factor was the concentration of tofu liquid waste POC: L0 (control), L1 (10%), L2 (15%), and L3 (20%). The experiment was conducted over three months, from February to May 2024, at the Sustainable Food Yard Demonstration Plot managed by the Palem Asri Komet Women Farmers Group. The results indicated a significant interaction between chicken manure and tofu liquid waste POC on plant height during the first and second weeks of growth. The combination of A1 (25 t ha⁻¹ chicken manure) and L1 (10% POC concentration) yielded the best results. Additionally, chicken manure alone significantly affected the number of pak choy leaves across all four weeks, with A1 again being the most effective treatment. In contrast, tofu liquid waste POC applied as a single factor did not significantly influence plant growth or yield.
Study of Abundance and Fish Diversity in the Swamp Waters of Danau Bangkau, South Kalimantan
The swampy waters of Danau Bangkau, South Kalimantan are swampy waters that have an economic impact on the surrounding community. There is a need for research to know the productivity status of these waters from the abundance and diversity of fish. The research was carried out by dividing into 3 fish sampling stations determined by purposive sampling. The fish samples obtained were identified from families and species. The parameters observed and analyzed included the relative abundance of fish, diversity index, Evenness index, and Dominance Index. The results of the study were obtained from 1,108 individual fish and 28 species from 10 families. The results of the study show that the largest relative abundance is from the Cyprinidae family, which is 56.14% and this indicates that the waters are quite healthy because many fish are inhabited by herbivorous eating properties. The Diversity Index (H') obtained was 2.53 – 2.71, Evenness Index 0.52 – 0.55 and Dominance Index 0.37 – 0.44 which means that the waters are still healthy, with moderate productivity, but tend to be somewhat disturbed. The implication is that in the future there must be protection of the swampy waters of Danau Bangkau with strategies to restrict fishing and control sedimentation and domestic pollution.
Impact of Processing Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae into Meal on Nutritional Value
The objective of this study was to determine the nutritional content of black soldier fly (BSF) maggot meal after undergoing steaming and roasting processes. Steaming was aimed at reducing the crude fat content in the maggot meal, while roasting was intended to accelerate the drying process of fresh maggots. The maggots used in this study were 28-day-old maggots fed with quail manure. The research method employed was an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisting of 4 treatments and four replications. The treatments given were: A (maggots not steamed and not roasted), B (maggots not steamed and roasted), C (maggots steamed and not roasted), and D (maggots steamed and roasted). Parameters analyzed included dry matter (%), ash content (%), crude protein (%), and crude fat (%). The results of variance analysis showed that the processing had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on the dry matter, ash content, crude protein, and crude fat content of the resulting maggot meal. The conclusion of this study is that the combined application of steaming and roasting significantly reduced the fat content in maggot meal by up to 87% and increased the protein content by 4%. This processing technique resulted in a product with enhanced quality, extended shelf life, and broader application potential in the feed industry.
crude fat, crude protein, Hermetia illucens, maggot meal, roasting, steaming
Integrating Oil Palm and Cattle Farming in South Kalimantan: Opportunities and Challenges
This study examines the integration of oil palm and cattle farming in South Kalimantan, Indonesia, to support meat production for the new capital city. Kotabaru, a district with abundant oil palm plantations, faces a challenge in meeting the increasing demand for beef. This research analyzes the distribution of superior livestock, develops an oil palm-cattle integration model, and formulates development strategies. The study uses location quotient (LQ), localization index (LI), and specialization index (SI) analysis, field observations, interviews with farmers and stakeholders, and SWOT analysis. Conducted in four sub-districts of Kotabaru over eight months, the research identifies superior cattle base areas and proposes three development models: intensive, semi-intensive, and extensive. The SWOT analysis generates short-term and medium-term strategies for developing oil palm-cattle integration.
development model, development strategy, integration, livestock distribution, oil palm-cattle
The Effect of Giving NPK and Biochar from Palm Oil Fronds on Palm Oil Main Nursery Seedlings
This study aims to determine the effect of NPK and biochar made from oil palm fronds on the growth of palm oil seedlings at the main nursery stage using 4-month-old palm oil seedling samples. The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design with two treatment factors with three replications. The first treatment factor was the administration of NPK 15-15-6-4 with a dose of 0.1 grams, 2 grams/polybag and the second factor was the administration of oil palm frond biochar with a dose of 0, 2.5 grams, and 5 grams. The results of research to observe the height parameters of palm oil seedlings in the main nursery, the best plant height was shown in B1N2 seedlings with a total height of 33.2 cm in the 7th week with a dose of 2.5 grams of B1N2 palm oil frond biochar and 2 grams of NPK. The highest number of fronds was found in B2N2 main nursery palm oil seeds with a total of 6 fronds, namely at a dose of 5 grams of biochar and 2 grams of NPK. The best enlargement of palm oil stump diameter was found in main nursery B0N2 palm oil seeds with an average stump diameter of 120.9 mm. The administration of NPK and biochar from palm oil fronds had a good effect on the height of palm oil seedlings, the number of palm oil fronds and good tuber enlargement.
Frond Biochar, Main Nursery, NPK, Palm Oil Seedlings
The Effect of Shade and Organic Fertilizer on Neptunia oleracea Growth and Yield Production
This study aimed to find out the effect of shade and manure doses on the growth and production of Neptunia oleracea. The research was designed using factorial completely randomized design (2x3). There were two factors, the first factor was shade, namely without shade and 75%-net shade, while the second factor was the dose of manure, namely 0, 10, and 20 grams/polybag, respectively. Each treatment had five replications. The result showed that shade significantly (P<0,01) inhibits the number of petioles, number of root nodules, and yield production of Neptunia oleracea but does not affect plant height and the number of branches. Manure dosage had not significantly affected productivity of N. oleracea. There was no interaction between shade treatment and manure dosage. It concluded that Neptunia oleracea as a forage is more productive when grown up without shade.
Forage, Neptunia oleracea, Organic fertilizer, Shade, Yield production
Characteristics and Invitro Digestibility of Kalimantan Swamp Forage as Animal Feed
This study aims to evaluate swamp forage, for possible application as an animal feed in South Kalimantan Indonesia. The samples were obtained from the swamp areas through a survey method, by collecting sampling the grass from 2 selected regions (North Hulu Sungai and South Hulu Sungai). The observed parameters are 1). Identify the characteristics of the growth of swamp grass by the shape of leaves, roots and flowers. 2). Measurement of Nutrient Content, NDF and ADF, nutrient content of swamp forage.. The results showed that the characteristics of the South Kalimantan swamp grass had stolon and fiber roots, the leaves were mostly ribbon-shaped and compound flowers, and the highest lignin content was in Ischaemum polystachyum grass. J. Presl of 11.45%, total phenol 9.23, tannins of 3.74 and condensed tannins of 1.43. while for the highest digestibility of Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudges) Ness grass, namely dry matter digestibility of 31.25%, organic matter 27.42%, VFA 124.22 mM and NH3 of 3.65.mM.. The findings in this study will provide important information about forage fodder that grows in swampland in Kalimantan. It was concluded that swamp grass has a comparative advantage compared to other grasses.
vegetation, swamp grass, digestibility, nutrition, species
Review: The Efficacy of Several Agricultural Wastes as Ameliorant for Peat Degraded Soil: The Case of Kalimantan
Various agricultural wastes are used as ameliorants to improve degraded peat soils, with a focus on cases in Kalimantan. Peat soil is one of the potential land resources for agriculture in Indonesia, with an area ranging from 12.59 to 14.90 million ha, spread across Kalimantan, Sumatra, and Papua. However, the use of peat soil for agriculture faces many obstacles, such as low pH, low base saturation, organic acid toxicity, and macro- and micronutrient deficiencies. The use of agricultural waste as an ameliorant to improve degraded peat soil has prospects and opportunities. Agricultural waste is rich in nutrients and, if managed well, can contribute to sustainable agriculture. This review outlines the characteristics and potential of various agricultural wastes, such as animal waste, food processing waste, crop residues, and hazardous agricultural waste. These wastes are abundantly available and cost-effective, making them a valuable resource for increasing soil fertility and crop yields. This review provides insight into the application of agricultural waste as an ameliorant for degraded peat soils in Kalimantan and identifies challenges and opportunities in this context. This information is important in enriching future peatland management strategies in relation to increasing productivity and production of cultivated plants on peatlands.
Copyright (c) 2024 TROPICAL WETLAND JOURNAL
Chlorophyll Content of Aromatic Rice Mentik Susu in Peat Soils Due to Ash Ameliorant and Jakaba LOF
Paddy plant chlorophyll is one of the determinants of plant growth and development, as photosynthesis plays a role in capturing light and transforming inorganic compounds into nutrients that plants need. The problem with the cultivation of paddy in the palm soil is the high saturation of the soil. There is a need for improvement in the ashes, ashes of palm powder, and empty palm cane ashes to lower the saturation. In addition, the application of jakaba LOF is necessary to boost the growth of milk dough crops, especially in the formation of chlorophyll. This research aims to determine the effect of jakaba LOF on the chlorophyll content of aromatic mentik susu rice in peat soil where ash ameliorant has been applied. This study used a nested factorial completely randomized design (CRD). The jakaba LOF application factor was nested in the type of ash ameliorant. The ameliorant type factor (s) consists of four treatments: s0 = no ameliorant, s1 = rice husk ash, s2 = sawdust wood ash, and s3 = empty oil palm bunch ash. The dose factor for LOF jakaba application (j) consists of two treatments: j0 = without application of LOF jakaba, j1 = application of LOF jakaba 15 mL-1. The results of the research showed that the application of LOF jakaba did not have a significant effect on the chlorophyll content of aromatic mentik susu rice in peat soil based on the type of ash ameliorant. Application of ash ameliorant to peat soil planted with milk aromatic rice can increase the chlorophyll b content and total chlorophyll of rice. Treatment without ash ameliorant (s0) can increase the chlorophyll b content and total chlorophyll content of rice by 16.45 mg mL-1 and 15.27 mg mL-1, respectively compared to the treatment of rice husk ash (s1), sawdust wood ash (s2), and empty palm fruit bunch ash (s3).
Contamination of Salmonella sp. in Broiler Meat Sold in Traditional Markets of Banjarbaru City
Meat is an important food commodity in meeting nutritional needs. Damage that leads to a decrease in the quality of fresh meat is mainly caused by microorganisms. One of the pathogenic bacteria that can contaminate broiler meat is Salmonella sp. This research aims to determine the food safety level of broiler meat sold in traditional markets in the city of Banjarbaru regarding contamination by Salmonella sp. bacteria and to prevent the circulation of poultry-origin products (broilers) that do not meet the required standards, which can threaten consumer health. The research method used in this study is a survey and laboratory analysis. This study utilized 56 chicken meat samples from 4 traditional markets using a random sampling method. The test results showed that 18 samples were contaminated with Salmonella sp. bacteria out of the 56 samples. This indicates that the quality of chicken meat sold in some traditional markets, 32.14%, does not meet the standards based on the Indonesian National Standard for chicken meat (SNI 7388:2009)
Broiler meat, contamination, traditional market, and Salmonella sp.
Isolation of Bacillus thuringiensis from Type B Tidal Lands
Bacillus thuringiensis is a disease-causing bacterium in insects that is used to control insect pests that attack crops, both crops and horticultural crops. This bacterium can be isolated from plant residues that have become compost, infected insects, and soil. Isolation was carried out to take bacteria from their natural environment and grow them in artificial media. In swamps, there are important microorganisms involved in the decomposition of organic matter. The microbes that play a role consist of fungi and bacteria, for instance, those are found in rice plantations in Barito Kuala swamps, which include the Actinomycetes, Bacillus, Cromobacterium, and Pseudomonas bacteria groups. B. thuringiensis is widely distributed in nature but is rare due to the many different Bacillus isolates. Therefore, it was necessary to conducted research to determine the presence of B. thuringiensis in plant root areas in more specific soils to increase the possibility of finding B. thuringiensis. This study aims to determine the number of B. thuringiensis isolates obtained in type B tidal land ecosystems. This research was conduct from December 2021 to June 2022 at the Integrated Laboratory and Production Laboratory, Department of Agroecotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lambung Mangkurat. This research used a descriptive method. Soil collection was carried out by purposive sampling (sampling technique with certain considerations) in the planting area in tidal land type B. Soil samples were taken from 3 places as a comparison, namely in the rice planting area, orange planting area, and banana planting area B. The parameters observed in this study were the number of colonies, the macroscopic and microscopic shape characteristics of the bacteria, the gram of bacteria, and the test of the killing power of bacteria against P. xylostella insects. Based on the parameters that have been observed, the highest number of colonies was found in citrus plantation samples, with 98 colonies.
The Productivity of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Maggot and Its Decomposability on Various Growing Media
Maggot is the larva of the Black Soldier Fly (Hermitia illucens) which is one of the alternative feeds that meets the requirements as a source of protein and is often used as a decomposing agent for organic waste. The purpose of the study was to determine the best type of media to increase the production of maggot H. illucens as a potential alternative source of protein for animal feed and as fertilizer. This study was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and five (5) replications. The treatments tried in this study were as follows P1 = Chicken manure, P2 = Cow manure, P3 = Market waste, P4 = Restaurant waste, as maggot growing media. The results showed that the type of growing media had an effect on maggot production including final weight. final length. total weight of maggot. and protein content. also on the ability to decompose maggot including compost residue, dry matter, ash content, and organic matter. The type of media treatment P4 (restaurant waste) was able to produce the highest production, namely the final weight (0.59 g / head). and the final length (2.39 cm / head) with a total maggot production of 367.8 g / unit. but the type of media treatment P3 (market waste) produced the highest maggot protein content of 60.81%. The highest maggot decomposability was found in P4 (restaurant waste).
Decomposition, Growth media, Maggot, Productivity.
Test of the Bacteriological Ability of Mangrove Nyirih (Xylocarpus granatum) as a Water Disinfectant
Coliform bacteria contamination in wetlands poses a risk of causing waterborne diseases. Disinfectants are bactericidal, effectively reducing bacterial colonization in water. The coastal plant of mangrove nyirih or Xylocarpus granatum (X.granatum) contains various antibacterial compounds, so it can be used as a natural disinfectant. This study aims to analyze the bacteriological ability of mangrove nyirih as a disinfectant in water samples contaminated with Coliform. This laboratory experimental study used a pretest-posttest control group design. The dilution method was used to observe the effects of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% ethanol extract of mangrove leaves (L) and bark (B) of X.granatum as well as chlorine control. The parameters observed were the Coliform Most Probable Number (MPN) and Total Plate Count (TPC) in the test water sample. The results of the study, obtained a decrease in the Coliform MPN and TPC numbers of water samples after treatment. LB100% X.granatum extract produces an effect that is not significantly different from chlorine. In conclusion, mangrove nyirih has the ability as a water disinfectant.
Economic Valuation of Pesanggrahan Forest in Malang Regency
Economic valuation is a method for revealing the importance of a forest based on monetary value. The economic valuation of the Pesanggrahan Forest is carried out to reveal the economic value of Direct Use Value, Indirect Use Value, Option Value, Existence Value, and Bequest Value to obtain the Total Economic Value (TEV) of the Pesanggrahan Forest area. The methods used to determine the economic value are Market Price, Replacement Method, and Contingent Valuation Method. The results show that Pesanggrahan Forest have a Total Economic Value IDR. 268,962,582,306. This total value is the value of the protected forest IDR. 145,753,885 and production forest IDR 123,209,166,421. This value describes the magnitude of the benefits of forest as an economic and ecological function in the Pesanggrahan Forest Area, Malang Regency. Protected forest have greater economic value than production forest, so it is hoped that forest conversion will not occur again, both in the Pesanggrahan Forest and other forest in Indonesia.
Economic Valuation, Total Economic Value, Pesanggrahan Forest
RIAP PERTUMBUHAN BALANGERAN, MERANTI MERAH DAN JELUTUNG RAWA DI HUTAN KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS PALANGKA RAYA
Pengelolaan lahan gambut secara Lestari keberhasilannya dapat ditentukan dengan pemilihan jenis yang tepat dari aspek teknis, sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan. Kelestarian hutan menjadi semakin penting ketika kebutuhan kayu terus meningkat, sedangkan kelestarian bahan baku baik kuantitas maupun kualitasnya semakin menurun seperti gambaran kondisi hutan di Indonesia pada saat ini. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui riap diameter, riap tinggi dan riap volume Balangeran, Jelutung Rawa Miq dan Meranti Merah, dilakukan di Hutan Kampus Universitas Palangka Raya. Metode pengumpulan data yaitu dilakukan dengan membuat petak ukur di masing-masing plot tanaman dan menentukan sampel secara sengaja Hasil penelitian riap rata-rata tahunan diameter, tinggi dan volume untuk tanaman Balangeran (1,22 cm; 0,99m; 0,007m3), Maranti Merah (1,27 cm; 0,77m; 0,004m3) dan Jelutung Rawa (1,45 cm; 0,62m; 0,000m3). Balangeran dan Meranti Merah lebih tinggi pertumbuhannya dari pada Jelutung Rawa, disebabkan oleh jarak tanam, dan kurangnya Tindakan pemeliharaan. Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan riap ata-rata tahunan diameter dan tinggi untuk jenis tanaman di Hutan Kampus UPR cukup optimal, sehingga perlu dilanjutkan pengukurannya sampai mencapai daur optimal produksi.
Balangeran, Jelutung rawa, Meranti merah, Riap Pertumbuhan, UPR
The Effect of Composted Oil Palm Empty Bunches on Growth and Yield of Pakchoi Plants in Ultisol Soil
Ultisol faces several challenges as agricultural land, including high soil acidity, low organic matter content, macro-nutrient deficiencies, and low cation exchange capacity that need to be addressed. One proposed solution is the use of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB/TKKS) compost, which is rich in N, K, and organic C. This compost can improve the physical properties and soil structure, making it a potential alternative for amending Ultisol. Pakchoi, a vegetable rich in vitamins and minerals, has broader stems and leaves compared to regular green mustard. It thrives in various conditions, both lowland and highland, and has a substantial market demand. This research aims to assess the impact of EFB/TKKS compost application on the growth and yield of pakchoi in Ultisol and to determine the optimal dosage. The study employs a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor, consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications, totaling 20 experimental units. The treatments include t0 = TKKS compost 0 ton ha-1, t1 = TKKS compost 15 ton ha-1, t2 = TKKS compost 20 ton ha-1, t3 = TKKS compost 25 ton ha-1, and t4 = TKKS compost 30 ton ha-1. The results indicate that the application of TKKS compost significantly influences the growth and yield of pakchoi in Ultisol, with the optimal dosage identified at 20 ton ha-1.
ANALYSIS OF SALMONELLA SP. CONTENT IN BROILER MEAT FROM RPA & TPA IN BANJARBARU CITY
The purpose of this research is to detect the presence of Salmonella sp. bacteria contamination in broiler meat sold in TPA and RPA Banjarbaru. This study used a survey method with purposive sampling technique, with a total of 92 samples (2 from TPA and 2 from RPA). The research was conducted at 2 Broiler Slaughterhouses (TPA) and 2 Broiler Cutting Houses (RPA) in Banjarbaru City, followed by testing at the Laboratory of the Regional Veterinary Disease Investigator Testing Center for the Kalimantan Region. In TPA 1 Loktabat Utara, 22 samples were positive for Salmonella sp. out of 22 samples. Then, in TPA 2 Guntung Payung, 6 samples were positive for Salmonella sp. out of 22 samples, while in RPA 1 Guntung Manggis, none of the 24 samples tested positive for Salmonella sp., and in RPA 2 Landasan Ulin Timur, 2 samples were positive for Salmonella sp. out of 24 samples tested. In conclusion, out of 92 samples, the tested broiler meat originated from 2 TPA and 2 RPA. Positive Salmonella sp. samples were 63.6% in TPA and 4.16% in RPA.
broiler, microbial contamination, traditional market, Salmonella sp.
The effects of several types of botanical pesticides against whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) on cayenne pepper cultivation in peatlands
Botanical pesticides are supporting sustainable agricultural systems with a focus on the efficiency of pest control and reducing the negative effect of synthetic pesticides. Many plant species such as neem, soursop, and jatropha were found to have the potential to control pests, including whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). B. tabaci is an important pest in cayenne pepper cultivation. This study aims to find botanical pesticides effectiveness against B. tabaci on cayenne pepper growth in peatlands. This study used a one-factor randomized group design method. The factor studied was a pesticide solution (p), p0 as a control we used Abamectin, and 3 types botanical pesticides, p1 = soursop leaf, p2 = neem leaf, and p3 = jatropha leaf, each treatment is repeated 6 times. The results showed that the application of botanical pesticide solution had an effect on mortality and intensity of pest attack. The best treatment in the study was neem leaf pesticide (p2) which caused whitefly mortality of 96.7% and reduce pest attacks intensity to 5,10%.
Copyright (c) 2023 TROPICAL WETLAND JOURNAL
The Food Security of Households Paddy Rice Farmers in Tidal Land Barito Kuala Regency
This article analyzes the factors that influence the food security of lowland rice farmers' households in tidal land, Barito Kuala Regency. Respondents from this study were 100 rice farmers in tidal land. The analysis for consumption patterns and food security uses descriptive analysis with an approach to the level of adequacy of energy and protein, while for the analysis of factors that affect food security uses a binary logistic regression model. The results showed that the pattern of energy consumption by rice farmers in tidal swamp land was 1,668 calories/capita/day and protein was 48.37 grams/capita/day. The number of farmers who are included in the food security category is 62.00% and 38.00% are not food secure. Households with high food income, small proportion of food expenditure, large availability of food and large area of rice farming land have the opportunity to be more food secure than farmer households on the other hand.
The Amelioration of Planting Media in Chili Cultivation with Floating System in Lebak Swamp
The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of chicken manure compost and agricultural lime on the growth media used for floating system chili cultivation. The study involved the application of 500 g of chicken manure compost and 6 g of agricultural lime to each floating medium. Chili plants were chosen as the subject for observation of their growth and yield. Based on descriptive data analysis, it was found that the application of 500 g of chicken manure compost per planting hole was able to improve the observed chemical parameters, namely pH and available nitrogen (NH4+, NO3-).
Floating Agriculture, Chicken Manure Compost, Chili
Removal of Turbidity and Color of Contaminated Drinking Water Sources using Chitosan-Bentonite Composite as Adsorbent
The composites of biopolymer chitosan obtained from the swamp fish scale with bentonite as clay minerals has been characterized by the structural, mechanical, surface functional group and composition properties using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. The morphology structure obtained by SEM for the original chitosan, bentonite, and its composites showed that the particles are relatively well dispersed in the chitosan matrix. The physicochemical properties of the chitosan-bentonite composites depend significantly on the chemistry of the polymer matrices, the nature of bentonite, their modification, and the preparation methods that showed by SEM, TGA, XRF and XRD analysis. The obtained composite of chitosan bentonite was then applied for treating raw water sources of drinking water in Bilu river, South Kalimantan, during the dry season. The raw water sources contained a high value of turbidity (ca. of 370±30 NTU) and color (1300±150 Pt-Co). Batch experiment using the composite of chitosan bentonite for treating raw water sources was significant to reduce the value of turbidity, and the color becomes 24.8±2 NTU and 86.7±5 Pt-Co, respectively. The results then compare to the treatment using the commercial chitosan and bentonite self. Moreover, it found that the raw water treatment using the composite of chitosan-bentonite is more favorable than chitosan and bentonite materials.
adsorption, bentonite, chitosan composite, contaminated drinking water sources
Utilization of water mimosa (Neptunia oleracea) leaf meal in concentrate feed to improve the growth of Kalimantan swamp buffalo calves
Swamp buffalo on Kalimantan island is reared under an extensive production system. Minimum farmer input and decreasing swamp grass availability during the wet season lead to lower buffalo morphometrics, lower reproductive performances, and a higher calf mortality rate. This participatory study was conducted to evaluate the calf's performance after receiving a concentrate feed formulated using water mimosa (Neptunia oleracea) leaf meal as a protein source. Results of the study showed that water mimosa leaf meal has high crude protein content (>30%). After 4 months of observation, feeding concentrate feed formulated with water mimosa leaf meal as a protein source improved the growth of swamp buffalo calves. The calves in concentrate feed group showed body weight gain of 14.84 kg/month, growths of chest girth 13.6 cm, and height at wither 5.6 cm those improved compared to those in the group that did not offer concentrate feed that had the growths in chest girth 9.2 cm and height at wither 5.2 cm. This study provides valuable insights into the potential of using water mimosa leaf meals as a protein source for concentrate feed, which can enhance the growth of buffalo calves while resolving the issue of water mimosa invasion in the swamp area.
Evaluation of the chemical quality of coffee grounds composted by various types of decomposers using a scoring system
In recent years, the amount of coffee consumption by the Indonesian people has increased. As a result, there is an increase in coffee waste in the form of coffee grounds so it has the potential to have a negative impact on the environment. Proper management is needed so that coffee grounds are not wasted and pollute the environment. Composting is one way to convert coffee grounds into organic fertilizer. The provision of decomposers is useful for accelerating the composting process of coffee grounds so that it affects the quality of the compost produced. This study aims to determine the chemical quality of coffee grounds compost using different decomposers based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 19-7030-2004. This research was carried out in the Compost House Department of Agroecotechnology and Soil Laboratory Department of Soil Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru for three months, from June to August 2021. This research uses quantitative methods (laboratory analysis) to determine the chemical quality of coffee grounds compost. The treatments were decomposers, d1 = EM4, d2 = M21, d3 = Beka, and d4 = Petro Gladiator. The results showed that the use of EM4, M21, BeKa, and Petro Gladiator decomposers produced organic C, total N, P2O5, K2O, Ca, Mg, and C/N ratio of coffee grounds compost in accordance with SNI 19-7030-2004, but the pH value of coffee grounds compost treated with EM4, M21, BeKa, and Petro Gladiator decomposers did not meet SNI 19-7030-2004.
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The Effect of Packaging Type and Temperature on the Characteristics of Habang Seasonings During Storage
The red traditional South Kalimantan cooking spice indicates that the seasoning has a deep red appearance. Although the habang cooking seasoning has a dark red appearance with the main ingredient red chili, this spice does not have a spicy taste but tends to taste sweet. This study aimed to determine the effect of different packaging and storage temperatures on the spice’s characteristics. This study used RBD method with 2 factors and 2 replications. Factor A is packaging variation and B is storage temperature. These observations included chemical tests, total microorganism tests, and sensory tests. Chemical tests and microorganisms were analyzed by the ANOVA and followed by the DMRT. Sensory test data were analyzed by the Kruskal Wallis and followed by the Post Hoc Test. Determination of the best results used the ranking method weighting. The results showed the characteristics were changed during storage. water content, peroxide number, and total microorganisms were increased in line with fat content and pH decreased. Sensitively, Habang cooking spices decreased in aroma, color, and viscosity during storage. The best Habang cooking seasoning was found in the use of cold temperature aluminum foil packaging on the 4th day of storage with a total parameter value of 8,224 and a total value of 30,195, chemical characteristics in the form of the water content of 31.46±0.02, a fat content of 69.67±0, 81, the pH value is 4.26±0.02, and the peroxide value is 3.15±0.06.
Albumin Profile Albumin and Protein Filtrate of Snakehead Fish
Background and Objective: Snakehead fish in South Kalimantan waters is the most common type of fish. The utilization is still limited. In general, snakehead fish is for consumption, so it need an effort of diversification of processed fishery products. The aims of this research were: (1) increasing value-added of snakehead fish of processing functional filtrate albumin, (2) determining the best steaming duration toward albumin level and filtrate protein of snakehead fish. Materials and Methods: Ingredients used this albumin filtrate were fresh snakehead fishes and ginger or turmeric. This research used random design completed with a factor which was steaming duration of csnakehead fish albumin filtrate of 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. Results: The result of the research showed that the different steaming duration had significant effect toward protein content but it had no significant effect toward filtrate albumin of snakehead fish. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the making of snakehead fish filtrate with steaming duration of 90 minutes obtained the highest albumin and protein content.
abumin, filtrate of snakehead fish and fish protein
Diversity of Arthropod at Soybean (Glycine max l. Merr) With Different Planting Distances
This study observed the spacing effect on arthropod diversity in soybean from November 2017 to January 2018. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design, with five replications and five different spacings: A - 20x20 cm, B - 20x30 cm, C - 20x40 cm, D 20x50 cm, and E - 20x60 cm. The highest arthropods were found at the narrowest spacing (20x 20 cm) and the lowest at the broadest spacing (20x60 cm). Soybean plantations in the study area had a medium category for diversity index (H'), a fairly even category for evenness index (E), and a low category for dominance index (D). All types of relative index values did not differ between treatments.
The Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae and Sp-36 Fertilizer Application on The Growth of Butternut Squash (Cucurbita Moschata Durch) in Swampy Land
This study aimed to: (1) determine the effect of various doses of arbuscular mycorrhizae with SP-36 fertilizer on the growth of butternut squash in the swampy land; (2) determine the best combination of various doses of arbuscular mycorrhizae with SP-36 fertilizer on the growth and of butternut squash in the swampy land. The research was carried out in the Green House of SMK PP Negeri Banjarbaru from October 2020 to November 2021. The study used a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors. The fist factor was arbuscular mycorrhizae dose (M) which consisted of 4 levels, namely: m0 = Control ; m1 = 5 g tan - 1 equivalent to 0.1 ton ha - 1;m2 = 10 g tan - 1 equivalent to 0.2 ton ha - 1; m3 = 15 g tan - 1 equivalent to 0.3 ton ha - 1.The second factor was SP-36 fertilizer dose (S) fertilizer which consists of 4 levels, namely: s0 = Control; s1 = 1,39 g tan - 1 equivalent to 0,125 ton ha - 1; s2 = 2,22 g tan - 1 equivalent to 0,2 ton ha - ; s3 = 3.06 g tan - 1 equivalent to 0.275 ton ha- 1, combination repeated 3 (three) times, with 6 polybags of them, so that there were 288 plants in total. The result showed that there was an interaction effect on the volume of roots at 2 and 4 weeks after planting, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and shoot root ratio. The single factor of application of arbuscular mycorrhizae and SP-36 fertilizer each had a very significant effect on root colonization. Combination of arbuscular mycorrhizae at a dose of 10 g ton - 1 equivalent to 0.2 ton ha- 1 and SP-36 fertilizer at a dose of 3.06 g ton - 1 equivalent to 0.275 ton ha – 1 could increase the growth of butternut squash in the swampy land.